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FUSION-ARMAND-SABAL-LECCO*

 

Colors …
This is a Voyage into Sound
inst. of change (ELECTRIC GUITAR)
the players
iINSTRUMENTS OF NOISE.

The Original Color of Sin [BLUE]

Armand Sabal-lecco

Out of Africa
“Wa Di Goro”
2015 — Positive Army
((( Nomadic Messenger )))

dave


Be a Voice, Not an Echo.”

— Armand Sabal-Lecco

Dancing With The Stars
Once, every 40 years, a ceremonial dance at midnight, under a, star-filled, clear black desert sky. A choreographed prayer, asking the Gods to bring the rain necessary to nourish the oases sustaining nomadic life in the North African desert.

Armand Sabal-Lecco is a musical nomad, out of Cameroon, on a road that led him to Los Angeles, California. For more than thirty years, Armand, a student of Manu Dibango, the Lion of Africa, Armand has been an ambassador of sound, bring world attention to African rhythm and beat. 

In the tradition of North African, nomadic tribes, who, with no destination, travel the seemingly endless sea of sand, looking toward an always distant (unreachable) horizon.

Musicians who play for the pleasure and spiritual well being of those who offer food, water, and shelter from a desert night.

Manu Dibango (Lion of Africa)

Armand Sabal-Lecco was still in his teens when Manu Dibango, Cameroon’s most popular musician, invited Armand and his brother Felix to play bass and drums in his band. Along with fellow Africans, Fela Kuti and Salif Keita, Dibango is cited as instrumental in the evolution of the African Continent’s rhythmic sound.

“The River”  
Ali Farka Touré

1990 — The River
((( ••• )))

Positive Army — Message to The West

• Armand Sabal-Lecco (wiki)

Armand is quick to say his mission has always been to introduce the more “intellectual” musicians in the West, to the traditional African rhythms and beats he had grown up with in Cameroon.

Now in Santa Monica, California (Los Angeles), he is surrounded by the Way West brand of musicians.

w/ STANLEY CLARKE* — “Fulani” (Return To Forever)
Mass Mental — w/ ROBERT TRUJILLO* (Metalica)
AL DI MEOLA* —  Return of The Elegant Gypsy Tour

Armand is the planet Earth’s most incredible bass player … with all the technique, and so much more. He’s from Cameroon, and he’s always surprising me with completely unexpected stuff … Plus,  he likes to groove, and that makes me most happy.”

— Stuart Copeland

Stuart Copeland is the drummer and founder of The Police, a band that after its arrival in 1979, went on to play an important role in the making of music history.

Armand is now a member of Copeland’s new band, with which his journey continues.

“Message In A Bottle”
Stuart Copeland
2023 — The Police Deranged For Orchestra
((( ••• )))

— Instagram 

Police Deranged For Orchestra
Blood Diamonds …
other projects, ad campaigns, scores, etc …

“Come On, Come Over”
Mass Mental w/ Robert Trujillo, Flea
2018 — Jaco Original Soundtrack

((( ••• )))

JACO (The Film)

“Bass of Doom”
Robert Trujillo (Metallica) — Armand co-produced, and played on the soundtrack of the documentary film about the life and musical times of Jaco Pastorius, the electric bassist and native Floridian, who changed the world’s understanding of the bass guitar, an instrument that until then had played a mostly supportive role. Jaco brought the bass guitar to the fore, and his time in Weather Report, took it to another level, into the harmonic stratosphere, and exploring the limits of outer musical space.

“She Moves On”
Paul Simon’s Concert In The Park
1991 — Paul Simon brought attention to the African sound with his Graceland Album and World Tour. It was a bold musical statement, praised by most industry business interest, but not without criticism from those with more thoughtful and nuanced social and political interests.
((( ••• )))

Vg

“She Moves On” was one of the “African” songs played on Paul Simon’s Born At The Right Time World Tour.

“Kodachrome”
1991 — Paul Simon @ Central Park
((( ••• )))

 

Paul Simon‘s Graceland
1987 — Paul Simon was traveling in Africa, where he had the inspiration to make what became Graceland, a most popular album and world tour, that received both praise and criticism.

In those travels, Simon went to see Manu Dibango, in who’s (15-piece) band, Armand and his brother Felix were playing bass and drums. Simon later said seeing Dibango was so impressed, that after releasing Graceland, he called Armand and his brother to play in the band he was putting together for a World Tour to support Graceland. 

1991 — Armand, now a seasoned 22 years old, finds himself comfortable, on private jets, and having one-on-one conversations with Simon, who appreciated Armand’s interest in hearing how it had been as a musician who had lived most of his professional life on the road.

Armand’s collaboration with Simon began with a  live, unplugged performance in an MTV studio Manhattan, and after months on the road, playing shows around the world, returning to New York City, Central Park, playing to a million people, the largest crowd to have ever gathered for a concert.

It’s better to wonder why a person doesn’t have a statue, rather than why a person does have a statue.

“Fulani”
Armand Sabal-Lecco w/ Stanley Clarke
((( ••• )))

dave.

2015 — Al Di Meola asked Armand to play bass on his Return of The Elegant Gypsy Tour.

Since he was a boy, growing up in Ebolowa, Cameroon bassist and composer Armand Sabal-Lecco has been preparing for what he calls the spiritual journey on which he has embarked.

His ethic was instilled by his disciplinary father First, his father Felix Sabal-Lecco (an important member of Cameroon’s first democratic government), and his older brother Roger, instilled the fundamental values Armand would always live by.

Armand veered away from his father’s desire for his young son to pursue a career in government and law, choosing, instead, to follow his brother, a bassist, on his musical quest.

Despite disappointing his father, Armand says the teachings of his father have always been his guiding light.

Armand’s calls his mission “spiritual” … to spread a message of social peace and justice.

Because of his natural talent, Armand found music to be his first language. 

“Ali”
Armand Sabal-Lecco
2015 — Positive Army
((( ••• )))

yt.

Manu Di Bango (1986)
Paul Simon  (1990)
Sir George Martin (The Beatles)
Ringo Starr (The Beatles)
Carole King

Lionel Richie (Commodores)
Herbie Hancock (Miles Davis/Headhunters)
Jaco Pastorius (Weather Report) — documentary
Al Di Meola (Return To Forever) — Return of The Elegant Gypsy Tour (2015)
The Brecker Brothers
Peter Gabriel (Genesis)
Sting (The Police)
Steve Stevens (Billy Idol)
John Patitucci
Alejandro Sanz (Spain)
Mercedes Sosa (Argentina)
João Bosco (Brazil)
Ladysmith Black Mambozo (South Africa)

Senri Kawaguchi (Japan) — Triangle
David Lee Roth (Van Halen)
Steven Tyler (Aerosmith)
Jeff Beck w/ Stuart Copeland at Miles’ South of France castle.
Ziggy Marley (Jamaican) — description of two projects, one you and Stuart playing to discovered Bob Marley tapes.

 

Return of the Elegant Gypsy
“Race With The Devil …”
Armand Sabal-lecco  w/ Al Di Meola
((( video )))

Al Di Meola
Return of the Elegant Gypsy
2015 — American Tour

Paul Simon
The Rhythm of the Saints
1991 — Concert In The Park
Sir George Martin
Ringo Starr
Carole King

Herbie Hancock
Jaco Pastorius
Jeff Beck
Stanley Clarke
The Brecker Brothers
Peter Gabriel
Sting
Vinx
Steve Stevens
John Patitucci
Alejandro Sanz
Mercedes Sosa
Joao Bosco
Ziggy Marley
Bob Marley (Stuart Copeland for Miles at French Castle)
Lionel Richie
Simon & Garfunkle
David Lee Roth
Robert Downey Jr.
Mass Mental
Robert Trujillo
Stewart Copeland

 

JACO (The Film)

Armand Sabal-Lecco, co-producer with Robert Trujillo (Metallica), talks about his knowing, and collaborating with, Jaco Pastorius.
Armand (w/Manu Dibango)
w/Manu Dibango & le Soul Makossa (Paris)2005
w/Manu Dibango & le Soul Makossa (Paris) 2005
Luanda Jazz Fest (2011) 
“AfrobaitX”  w/Positive Army (Los Angeles) 2017
“All Blues” w/Positive Army (Los Angeles) 2017
Armand wrote “Fulani,” a song on Stanley Clarke’s 2011 Grammy Jazz Album of the Year. He has also received recognition from the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences (NARAS) for his work with The Brecker Brothers on their Grammy Award-winning albums, Out of the Loop and “Return of…” and “Rhythm of the Saints,” and Alejandro Sanz’s “Unplugged.” Armand also contributes (as a vocalist) in both feature films (“Blood Diamonds”) and advertising campaigns for international brands.
Positive Army , Armand’s solo album is a bass-driven tapestry of songs celebrating a fusion of African grooves and more traditional American jazz harmonies. Positive Army features his brother Felix (drums) and a number of renowned international guest musicians.

•music.com magazine

Armand Sabal-Lecco



ZAN STEWART (LOS ANGELES TIMES)

Armand Sabal-Lecco is a bassist and musical composer from Cameroon, who, in his 28 years, has performed and recorded with Paul Simon, the Brecker Brothers, Herbie Hancock, Stanley Clarke, Steve Stevens, Stewart Copeland, and many others, including the celebrity likes of Vanessa Williams.

Such a life was never imagined for Armand. His father, Felix Sabal-Lecco, was once vice president of the Republic of Cameroon, the small country on Africa’s West Coast., and later its ambassador to France and Italy. He hoped his son would follow in his footsteps. “I was supposed to be a lawyer, a politician,” Sabal-Lecco said.

But like his brothers Felix, a drummer, and Roger, a bassist, Sabal-Lecco was driven toward music and, at 13, switched from drums to bass. He also acted the madcap on skateboards all around Yaounde, the nation’s capital.

But this was not the proper attitude for a diplomat’s son, and he was sent to live with a sister in Paris when he was 15.

“My father felt that I had to leave, go where nobody would know me,” he said with a laugh.

Since then, Sabal-Lecco has thrived, becoming one of the music world’s most in-demand bassists. He plays Saturday at La Ve Lee in Studio City.

Many people wrongly assume, Sabal-Lecco says, that he plays only African music.

“I’m a guy who lives in L.A., who lived in France, who lived in Rome, who’s from Cameroon, and who grew up playing funk, rock and straight-ahead jazz,” said Sabal-Lecco, a tall, striking-looking man with a quick, winning smile.

“I started playing African music only after I moved to Paris. In Africa then, it wasn’t hip to play African music. So my music is a mix of all those different things.”

There’s definitely a jazz core to the music that Sabal-Lecco plays at La Ve Lee, where his band includes such upper-echelon L.A. jazz journeymen as David Goldblatt on keyboards and Steve Tavaglione on saxes and electronic wind instrument.

The tunes, open and loose, are melodically diverse, variously underpinned by popping back beats and more fluid, African-based rhythmic patterns that allow plenty of room for soloing.

Sabal-Lecco, who avoids affixing labels to his music, calls this stuff “Leccology.”

“Our band likes to play with the songs like Miles used to do at the beginning of the ‘80s,” he said. “We have the frame, the shape of the song, but we play with it. It seems like we’re as relaxed as in a jam, but everything is pretty set and written.”

That relaxed attitude typifies Sabal-Lecco’s approach to music in general. “I’m a formally self-taught musician, so how I learned music was from what I was feeling, not from what I was reading,” he said. And those feelings determine the outcome of his performances, he added.

“How I play depends on who’s playing with me, who’s listening, the reaction of the crowd. And I want my band to play that way. Some musicians are so involved in how a tune has been written that there’s no communication within the band on stage, and with the audience. I need musicians who can communicate.”

Sabal-Lecco is succeeding, and his band sounds great, says Olivier Vabois, who, with owner Eddie Arbi, books La Ve Lee. “Armand’s music is challenging, sometimes really difficult music, but it feels good,” Vabois said.

In Paris in the late ‘80s, Sabal-Lecco had just finished a two-week tour with Xamahal, a band he and his brother Felix led, when destiny, in the form of Paul Simon, called–many, many times.

“I knew of Paul, but I’d never met him and, when I came home, he’d left a lot of messages” — close to 100, the bassist said.

Sabal-Lecco recalled thinking, “What is this? Maybe it was a friend of mine playing a joke.”

So when Simon’s manager called, asking him to come to New York for a session, he did what any of us would do with what we think is a crank caller–he hung up.

Eventually, Sabal-Lecco called the New York number Simon had left on a message, reached the manager he had hung up on, apologized, and was hired to perform a number of tunes on Simon’s then-upcoming, now classic album “Rhythm of the Saints.”
Since then, Sabal-Lecco’s star has been glowing. He’s toured with Simon and Art Garfunkel. He’s had his tunes recorded by fellow bassists Clarke and Patitucci, with whom he wrote “Another World,” which was nominated for a 1993 contemporary jazz instrumental performance Grammy. All this, and he’s just 28.
“For me, it’s been a blessing to move here and make it,” he said. “For a lot of people, it’s very, very hard. I’m very fortunate.”
WHERE AND WHEN
Who: Armand Sabal-Lecco.
Location: La Ve Lee, 12514 Ventura Blvd., Studio City.
Hours: 9:30 and 11:30 p.m. Saturdays.
Price: $10 cover, two-drink minimum.
Call: (818) 980-8158.


August 15, 1991 — Armand was just 22 years old, standing on a large stage in New York City’s Central Park, set for Paul Simon. Armand was the bass player in Simon’s Rhythm of the Saints band, and they were in the middle of the “Born at the Right Time” World Tour, supporting the new album.

The half-million gathered was one of the largest audiences ever assembled, and the concert was being broadcast live on HBO, recorded, and released the next year as Paul Simon’s Concert In The Park (CD/DVD). 

Armand was a long way from his home in Cameroon, but despite his youth, he was already a seasoned world traveler, and he was well into his professional life as a musician, disciplined and spirited in spreading his father’s optimistic message of hope and understanding.

[Ancient, African, Rhythmists? Music. Philosophy. Nomadic Troubadours. Not for money, but for its ability to heal?]

Armand’s father sent Felix and him to Paris to further their education, and for them, to further their musical pursuits. Still in their teens, the talented brothers rose fast in the European and French music scenes, and it was there and then when they were recognized by Manu Dibango, a founding father of the uniquely Cameroonian musical style. Years earlier, Dibango had moved to Paris, from where he had taken the global stage. Impressed, and happy to see the young Cameroonian brothers, Dibango knew he wanted Armand and Felix to join his band, which they gladly did when asked?

Not yet 20 years old, Armand had now embarked on his voyage, and because Dibango was such a generous man and band leader, it wasn’t long before Armand found a commanding musical voice of his own.

Since its dramatic beginning, Armand’s journey has moved forward without pause, and has been followed closely by some of the most influential voices in the music industry. Interest and demand for Armand’s talent, enthusiasm, and educational ethic was keen. Like Dibango and Simon, the well known and accomplished musicians who asked Armand to join them, were those who appreciated, and knew they could help Armand realize his mission, but who also knew that even though their careers were already so well established, Armand could help them stay fresh, interested, and still open to musical exploration and discovery.

Consider the number, quality, and eclecticism of the musicians who’ve worked with Armand, and you’ll better understand how successful he’s been spreading the word of his father:

 

Positive Army — description
Stanley Clarke — “Fulani” (Return To Forever)
Mass Mental — w/ Robert Trujillo (Metalica)

Since he was a boy, growing up in Ebolowa, Cameroon, bassist and composer Armand Sabal-Lecco has been preparing for the spiritual journey on which he has embarked.

First, his father Felix Sabal-Lecco (an important member of Cameroon’s first democratic government), and his older brother Roger, instilled the fundamental values Armand would always live by. (Statue Quote)

Armand veered away from his father’s desire for his young son to pursue a career in government and law, choosing, instead, to follow his brother, a bassist, on his musical quest.

Despite disappointing his father, Armand says the teachings of his father have always been his guiding light.

Armand’s mission is spiritual … to spread a message of social peace and justice. Because of his natural talent, Armand music was the best launguage for him to speak.


Be a Voice, Not an Echo.”

— Armand Sabal-Lecco


August 15, 1991 — Armand was just 22 years old, standing on a large stage in New York City’s Central Park, set for Paul Simon. Armand was the bass player in Simon’s Rhythm of the Saints band, and they were in the middle of the “Born at the Right Time” World Tour, supporting the new album.

The half-million gathered was one of the largest audiences ever assembled, and the concert was being broadcast live on HBO, recorded, and released the next year as Paul Simon’s Concert In The Park (CD/DVD). 

Armand was a long way from his home in Cameroon, but despite his youth, he was already a seasoned world traveler, and he was well into his professional life as a musician, disciplined and spirited in spreading his father’s optimistic message of hope and understanding.

[Ancient, African, Rhythmists? Music. Philosophy. Nomadic Troubadours. Not for money, but for its ability to heal?]

Armand’s father sent Felix and him to Paris to further their education, and for them, to further their musical pursuits. Still in their teens, the talented brothers rose fast in the European and French music scenes, and it was there and then when they were recognized by Manu Dibango, a founding father of the uniquely Cameroonian musical style. Years earlier, Dibango had moved to Paris, from where he had taken the global stage. Impressed, and happy to see the young Cameroonian brothers, Dibango knew he wanted Armand and Felix to join his band, which they gladly did when asked?

Not yet 20 years old, Armand had now embarked on his voyage, and because Dibango was such a generous man and band leader, it wasn’t long before Armand found a commanding musical voice of his own.

Since its dramatic beginning, Armand’s journey has moved forward without pause, and has been followed closely by some of the most influential voices in the music industry. Interest and demand for Armand’s talent, enthusiasm, and educational ethic was keen. Like Dibango and Simon, the well known and accomplished musicians who asked Armand to join them, were those who appreciated, and knew they could help Armand realize his mission, but who also knew that even though their careers were already so well established, Armand could help them stay fresh, interested, and still open to musical exploration and discovery.

Consider the number, quality, and eclecticism of the musicians who’ve worked with Armand, and you’ll better understand how successful he’s been spreading the word of his father:

Manu Di Bango — 1986
Paul Simon  — 1990
Sir George Martin (The Beatles)
Ringo Starr (The Beatles)
Carole King

Lionel Richie (Commodores)
Herbie Hancock (Miles Davis/Headhunters)
Jaco Pastorius (Weather Report) — documentary
Al Di Meola (Return To Forever) — Return of The Elegant Gypsy Tour (2015)
The Brecker Brothers
Peter Gabriel (Genesis)
Sting (The Police)
Steve Stevens (Billy Idol)
John Patitucci
Alejandro Sanz (Spain)
Mercedes Sosa (Argentina)
João Bosco (Brazil)
Ladysmith Black Mambozo (South Africa)

Senri Kawaguchi (Japan) — Triangle
David Lee Roth (Van Halen)
Steven Tyler (Aerosmith)
Jeff Beck (Yardbirds) — with Stuart at Miles’ South of France castle.
Ziggy Marley (Jamaican) — description of two projects, one you and Stuart playing to discovered Bob Marley tapes.

“Armand is the most incredible bass player on the planet … with all the technique and so much more. He’s from Cameroon (Africa), and he’s always coming up with completely unexpected stuff. Plus,  he likes to groove, and that makes me happy.”

— Stuart Copeland

Stuart Copeland is the drummer and founder of The Police, a band that after its arrival in 1979, went on to most dramatically become an important part of music history. Armand is now a member of Copeland’s new band, with which his journey continues.

Police Deranged For Orchestra

Blood Diamonds …
other projects, ad campaigns, scores, etc …

Armand Sabal-Lecco

1989 — Paul Simon
Rhythm of the Saints
also World Tour band
Brecker Brothers
Herbie Hancock
Stanley Clarke
John Patitucci
Vanessa Williams
Steve Stevens
Félix Sabal Lecco
Brother
CAMEROON — Armand Sabal-Lecco’s father, Félix Sabal Lecco, was a minister in the government of Ahmadou Ahidjo, and was later appointed ambassador to Italy and France.
His father played the guitar as a young man, and two of his brothers are also musicians: Roger (bass guitar) and Félix (drums).
African Movement — Armand, following his older brothers, Roger and Felix (bass and drums), picked up a guitar when he was six years old. As a young man, Armand’s father, Félix Sabal-Lecco, played guitar, and was the reason his sons Roger and Felix were attracted to music. rehearsals and shows, and Armand began standing in for him as bass player. He decided the bass was more convenient than drums, easier to pack up, so he had more chance of picking up girls before they left after the show.
When he was fifteen, his father sent him to Paris to live with one of his sisters.

In Cameroon, Armand Sabal-Lecco had played funk, rock and straight-ahead jazz. It was only after moving to Europe that he started introducing African elements to his music. In the early 1980s he co-founded the Ogogoro Gang, an Afro Funk band, and began playing clubs on Europe. After a year the group was voted the number one “Jeune espoir francais.” He also developed his skills as a composer during this period.

Armand and his brother Félix formed the African fusion band Xamahal, performing together at the 1986 — A European Jazz Festival. Later he joined the Manu Dibango Band, led by Cameroonian saxophone and vibraphone player. 

Manu Dibango — He toured with this band around the world and played on several of their albums.

Whenever landing in a new country, Armand sought out the local record stores, looking for an area’s favorite indigenous music. Manu Dibango was  a generous bandleader, offering much solo and improvisational time for a number of players, including Armand, in his always large bands.

Fela Kuti — Suénalo
Salif Keita — Vernon Reid

1989 — Armand Sabal-Lecco was invited to New York by Paul Simon to play bass on Simon’s eighth studio album, The Rhythm of the Saints, released in 1990. His brother, Félix, plays drums on this album. This was followed by a 14-month world tour. On 15 August 1991 he performed with Paul Simon to an audience of over 750,000 people in New York’s Central Park. In 1993 he was invited to Washington D.C. to play with Paul Simon at President Bill Clinton‘s inauguration festivities.  Sabal-Lecco played on Stanley Clarke‘s 1993 album East River Drive, and often played with Clarke in the years that followed. He became an official member of the Stanley Clarke band in 2002. In 2004 he played at the Bahamas Jazz Festival as a member of this band.

A sample of other artists with whom he has played include: 

Vanessa Williams, 
Maxi Priest, the 
Brecker Brothers, 
Herbie Hancock, 
Manu Dibango, 
Ladysmith Black Mambazo, 
Jonathan Butler, 
Sting and 
Ray Charles.

He composed two songs and co-authored the cover song for John Patitucci‘s 1993 Another World, later nominated for a Grammy Award. As a composer he has written for: 
Carole King
Jeff Beck
Stewart Copeland
John Patitucci
Another World (1993) Grammy Nominated 
Don Grusin.
Armand’s album Positive Army features his brother Felix.

Paul Simon’s Amazing Graceland Tour

The world is suddenly dancing to a South African beat, much to the dismay of some antiapartheid activists</span

BY DAVID FRICKE

Paul Simon, Graceland tour

Paul Simon with fellow musicians from the Graceland tour at Ahoy in Rotterdam, Netherlands on February 1st 1987. ROB VERHORST/REDFERNS/GETTY

PAUL SIMON WAS sweating bullets. Woefully under rehearsed, playing together onstage for the very first time, he and his twenty-four-member Graceland ensemble of black South African singers and musicians were about to make their concert debut, not under a sparkling, starlit African sky but amid the dreary concrete and steel of the Ahoy sports arena in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Outside, the furor over Simon’s controversial journey to South Africa — a trip many antiapartheid activists claim was in violation of the United Nations cultural boycott against that country — continued to accelerate. Inside, disaster, it seemed, was just a drumbeat away, with an evening of strange African bop about to be performed in a dismal setting for a sold-out house of white Dutchmen, some of whom surely hoped to hear at least a few of Simon’s old folk-pop hits.

Simon, in the end, did a lot of worrying for nothing. That night, the magic kicked in, and the audience with it. The first heartbeat thump and tingly guitar twang of the party-invitation instrumental “Township Jive” immediately reaffirmed Simon’s faith in the power of mbaqanga — the swinging Soweto sound that first lured him to South Africa two years ago — to bring whites and blacks together in a celebration of racial unity and dancing madness. The crack rhythm section, led by guitarist Ray Phiri, put real spring into Simon’s rhymin’ as the forty-four-year-old singer-songwriter ran through such Graceland numbers as “I Know What I Know” and “You Can Call Me Al” with pride and relish, making only minimal concessions to his past (“The Boxer,” a high-stepping “Mother and Child Reunion,” a zesty reading of an old doo-wop favorite, the Del-Vikings’ 1957 hit “Whispering Bells,” grafted onto the tail end of “Gumboots”).

Special guest star Hugh Masekela, the exiled South African trumpeter, called for the release of imprisoned African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela in his jazz-funk anthem “Bring Him Back Home,” while singer Miriam Makeba, a fellow exile, lamented the suffering and repression in her homeland with a soulful torching of Masekela’s “Soweto Blues.” And the extraordinary ten-man a cappella choir Ladysmith Black Mambazo awed the crowd with its sonorous bass harmonies and lively Afro-Temptations hoofing. Simon and his troupe, in fact, were fueled with so much opening-night nervous energy that they ripped through the Rotterdam show, originally timed to run two and a half hours, in only two hours and five minutes.

“People went wild, just wild,” says Simon, still raving about the February 1st blastoff of the Graceland tour. “We didn’t know what was going to happen. But people went crazy, and we were playing so loud and fast. It was like a dance event, a big rock concert. People fainted, and they got lifted over everyone’s heads.”

“The people would not let us leave the stage,” says Masekela. On the second night in Rotterdam, he says, the audience gave the musicians a standing ovation after their stirring performance of the unofficial African national anthem, “N’Kosi Sikeleli” (“God Bless Africa”). “Then they started singing back to us: ‘oh-wey, oh-wey’ — like a football chant. We didn’t know what it meant, but it lasted about ten minutes. We were in shock. It was amazing.”

Indeed, the past few months have been, as Simon sings on Graceland, “days of miracle and wonder” for him and his South African collaborators. Graceland, the unlikely product of Simon’s encounter with a mysterious cassette of South African mbaqanga during the summer of ’84, is in 6 million homes around the world. (In South Africa, the album has been Number One for nine weeks and has sold 110,000 copies, making it the biggest-selling international release there since Michael Jackson’s Thriller.) The robust bounce and soulful melodicism of township jive, which gave Simon’s brainy lyricism a rhythmic kick lacking in his recent work, has become a daily soundtrack in urban yuppie condos and suburban living rooms and on radio airwaves from Australia to Zimbabwe. Graceland‘s success has also spawned sister releases on Warner Bros, by Hugh Masekela (Tomorrow) and Ladysmith Black Mambazo (Shaka Zulu, produced by Simon). The entire world, it seems, is suddenly moving to a South African beat.

However, these have also been days of hurt and anger for Simon. As a result of his musical field trip to Johannesburg in February 1985, during which he recorded much of Graceland with the cream of South Africa’s black singers and players, he has been publicly censured by the African National Congress and other antiapartheid organizations in the United States and Europe for violating the United Nations cultural boycott of South Africa. Simon’s Graceland shows in England this spring were picketed by antiapartheid protesters, and several prominent English musicians, including Paul Weller of the Style Council, General Public’s Dave Wakeling, protest bard Billy Bragg and Jerry Dammers of the Specials (who co-wrote the U.K. hit “Free Nelson Mandela”) signed a letter to Simon calling for a “complete and heartfelt public apology” for breaching the UN boycott.

Simon, who twice turned down million-dollar offers to play Sun City — the South African entertainment complex located in the black “homeland” of Bophuthatswana — in the past, has never appeared on the UN’s published register of performers who have violated the cultural boycott; earlier this year, he wrote a carefully worded letter to the UN Special Committee Against Apartheid, which monitors the boycott, reiterating his status as “an artist who has refused to perform in South Africa” and pledging “to maintain this position in the context of the UN cultural boycott.” Nevertheless, Simon has been challenged by civic leaders, interviewers and fellow musicians throughout the Graceland tour about his position on the South African government’s racist policies, the lack of overtly political songwriting on Graceland and — in the words of a spokesperson for the South African antiapartheid group the United Democratic Front — “the exploitation of the talents of the African musicians for the furtherance of Simon’s own aims.”

“To go over and play Sun City would be like going over to do a concert in Nazi Germany at the height of the Holocaust,” Simon snaps angrily, obviously weary of the topic. “But what I did was to go over essentially and play to the Jews. That distinction was never made.” The charge of exploiting the South African musicians especially irritates Simon. Not only did he pay the South African musicians on Graceland the equivalent of the triple union scale commanded by New York studio vets, but he is not accepting any payment for his Graceland concert performances to ensure that the two dozen members of his road band get maximum paychecks.

“The show breaks even as long as I don’t get paid,” he explains. “Everybody gets paid and makes his or her money. I’m working essentially for free.”

But for Simon and the South African musicians at his side, the hardest part of withstanding the slings and arrows of antiapartheid outrage is reconciling the volatile criticism that has dogged every step of the tour with the rapturous audience reception that greets the troupe — not just Simon but Masekela, Makeba and especially Ladysmith Black Mambazo — every night. During the two all-too-brief weeks of rehearsal, says Masekela, “we hoped it would be as good onstage as much as we enjoyed playing it. But the first audience was a sea of smiling faces, giving us ovations and encores. It was very uplifting. And it was great to see South Africa’s music get to so many people that would never otherwise have listened to it. A lot of people obviously came just to see Paul Simon. But that he was able to bring so many people to hear my country’s music was wonderful.”

Nowhere was the dance-floor enchantment and implicit spiritual harmony in township jive à la Simon more evident than in the February 14th and 15th Graceland performances in the capital city of Harare, Zimbabwe, nearly a day’s drive from South Africa’s northernmost border. To be sure, Pretoria cast a long shadow of fear over Rufaro Stadium that weekend. “Miriam said, ‘I hope you’re going to check the speakers for bombs,’” Simon says soberly. “When one of your main participants asks if you’re going to check for bombs, you check for bombs.” Security for the shows was provided by the Zimbabwe army.